[64] They insisted that Obutong be completely destroyed. In Cuba, the Ekoi are always evoked as early founders of the Abaku society,18 and their spirits are worshiped. The Amama often appropriate hundreds of acres of palm trees for their own use and, with the profits they earn, ensure that their sons achieve comparable rank, which has the effect of limiting access to economic gain for other members of the community. Although Behrendt and Graham reveal that Calabar had been a major trading port since the first half of the seventeenth century, Efik historians such as Aye assert that the Efik had been trading with the Europeans since the last quarter of the 15th century. The group is gaining grounds as it seems to incessantly predict the total destruction of the planet earth. Click to expose navigation links on mobile. [40] Adire Adire means 'tie and dye' in Yoruba. The Osirica is a black Egyptian masonic order that existed in ancient Egypt. I am a young researcher who have a great love for forest conservation, community . Hope all is well. And it's a symbol in both. The earliest accounts are narrated in the second half of the 19th century by Explorers and missionaries. The Ekpe Society or Mgbe society as it is also fondly called is very reputable and covers a wider range of ethnic groups such as: the Efut; the Efik; the Qua-Ejegham, and the Okonko ( the Igbo-speaking areas). Several accounts have been given on the migration from Creek town to Obutong. [65] Although the missionaries and rulers of Creek town and Duke town protested, their protests fell on deaf ears. AHR ~ 125 Write the meaning in the blank. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [66] Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. Miller's current book, Voice of the Leopard (UP of Mississippi, 2008), documents the little known history of the Cuban Abaku, a mutual-aid institution derived from the Ekpe (leopard) society of the Cross River region of Nigeria and Cameroon. Lawino says that her husband's house is a "dark forest of _______________________". I Am Niki Buroro Agbor Ekpe Jerome a holder of a professional Masters in Forestry and wildlife Engineering with focus on Protected Area Management, Masters of Science in Forest Governance and policies from University of Dschang and Professional Masters in Environmental Science (ESIA) university of Yaounde 1. Among these secret societies were Ekpe, Obon and Nsibidi. quickly adapted to fulfil other economic and civil functions. Having associated broadly with foreigners in the pre-colonial era and . The primary society is located in the Cross River, Akwa Ibom and Arochukwu areas of Nigeria, and the secondary society consists of members from the Southern and Eastern Igbo groups of the same country. [37] The Uruan invasion at Ikpa Ene is believed to be the origin of the Efik saying, "Ama okut Ibibio, ku n enye ika, Idem amasat Ibibio eyewot owo"(English: When you see Ibibio do not give him fire(to warm himself), when he is dry he will kill you). [17] Some oral accounts by early Efik men also support the Igbo origin of the Efik. There are different narratives on the arrival of the Efik at Creek Town. In this light, the Cameroon National Council of Traditional Rulers would be a welcomed . Ekpe cult, the leopard cult, and a male masquerade cult of the Efik, in cross river state of Nigeria, followed by Doomsday cult (prediction of total destruction of planet earth), then the. That is why Sisiku Ojong Orock after consultation with the other Ekpe members and Sisiku Mfonten Mbu decided to acquire his own Nkanda Lodge in April 2003. Here is a list of some of Africa's most prominent cults of all time: The Ekpe is a secret society that lives mostly in Nigeria and whose members are typically law enforcers and politicians. [49] The Enwang are believed to have ruled Atakpa for a number of years. [51] The Enwang people who were fishing at Duke town saw the twins approaching and fled in terror saying "Mbiomo oduk ine"(English: A curse has befalling our fishing sites). After the decline of the slave trade, the Efik transitioned into the business of exporting palm oil from the Cross river. These they handcuffed, brought down to the canoes, and so proceeded up the river, till they got to the amount of 45, with whom they returned to New town, where sending to the captains of the shipping, they divided them among the ships.[56]. To be a member, one must be a part of Yoruba nobility. Oge ruru ka laja nyefee lasha r ya ma gaa rwa r e nyere ya ebe z. Among these included Yams, Fufu and an unidentified type of black soup frequently mentioned in 19th century Old Calabar literature. As a child, Sunjata at first looks unpromising because: In one of the most dramatic episodes in the Sunjata Epic, Sunjata first begins to demonstrate his extraordinary abilities when he: avenges an insult to his mother by uprooting a tree and placing it in front of her house. ukara: Ritual Cloth of the Ekpe Society features the ukara cloth, a composite signifier of authority, prestige, sacrality, difference, and social mobility in the Ekpe secret society in the Cross river basin encompassing southeastern Nigeria and parts of Cameroon. Sunjata's sister, Kolonkan, angers her younger brother Manding Bori when she: uses her powers to take the internal organs from animals he and his brothers killed, without cutting the animals open. Social importance is attached to the highest ranks of Ekpe-men, called the Amama. Ikpa Ene was a virgin island on the banks of the Cross river. [33][34] Abasi is said to have borrowed an axe from an Uruan woman and had broken the axe. Ekpe" which literally means Lion, is a traditional secret society originated from the Ekoi tribe in Cross River State. ugly and deformed, but predicted to be the mother of a great king. The Ekpe society requires that its initiates sponsor feasts for the town, which foster the appearance of the redistribution of wealth by providing the poor with food and drink. As the slave trade was declining due to the strong global campaign against it, the effects on slave trading ports along the African coast was greatly experienced. I'm still struggling to understand her choice. The design is left to the discretion of the Ezillo creators, who are not Ekpe members and do not know the meanings of nsibidi. Due to the role they played during the era of the triangular trade, their prominence in literature and art, there has been a lot of academic scholarship on the people. The cloth is traditionally used as either a wrapper, worn by high- ranking members of Ekpe group who often . Formerly the society earned a bad reputation due to what the British viewed as the barbarous customs that were intermingled with its rites. Opinions expressed belong solely to the author and do not represent the views of other Members, Management, or the Community at large. The Ekpe Society is a religious and cultural institution among the Efik people, it can also be found among the Annang and the Ibibios. Another theory narrated by Chief Efiom Obo Effanga of Obutong asserts that Antia Ekot Otong founded Obutong. There are two distinct but related societies. ekpe society cameroonworld market toblerone. Initiated into ekpe society at 9 as was done in those days and now not even a word is mentioned each time you talk about ekpe in manyu. The traditional attire for men usually consists of a white long-sleeved shirt, a long broad soft neckerchief or scarf of costly material (Efik: kpmkpm) and a wrapper tied around the waist (Efik: Usobo).[83]. identity. cherryblossom wrote on watzinaname's profile. [45] internal dissensions and population expansion led to the movement of several families from Creek Town to Obutong, Atakpa, Nsidung and Ekoretonko. You are using an out of date browser. Letters were also sent by King Eyo Honesty II to introduce missionaries and technocrats into the country with emphasis on the latter. In the case of the latter, in the heat of the confusion, villagers would be kidnapped and sent to Calabar were they were sold. As Sidney Kasfir has pointed to (in reference to the Ekpe society in southeastern Nigeria and adjoining Cameroon), material, performative, and ritual structures in masking are not fused together but can be used to different ends and can travel different paths ( Kasfir 2019: 15). The society combines a kind of freemasonry with political and law enforcing aims. Mr. . The destruction of Obutong occurred in 1854. Known generally as Ekpe, Egbo, Ngbe, or Ugbe among the multi-lingual groups in the region, these closed groups all used the leopard as a symbol of masculine prowess in war and political authority in their various communities. [26][28] This theory was narrated at the Hart's enquiry by Etubom Ededem Ekpenyong Oku but has been criticised by Uruan writers such as Dominic Essien. Names such as Okon became Hogan, Orok became Duke, Akabom became Cobham, Ene became Henry, Asibong became Archibong. Read More mask Among the earliest proponents of the Ibibio origin theory are Consul Hutchinson who stated, "The present inhabitants of Duke town, Old town and Creek town are descendants of the Egbo shary or Ibibio tribe up the Cross River. Bell of King Eyo Honesty II at Creek Town, Ekeng ita (also known as James Henshaw), Obong of Henshaw Town (c.a 1875). Instead, each settlement had its own lodge of the . Eye of the Needle - Ken Follett 2015-07-07 The worldwide phenomenon from the bestselling author of The Pillars of the Earth, World Explain. What is a Free Agent "A free agent is one who isn't privileged with even one pure Leopard spiritline from the survivors of the Great Attempt. [9][38] The Adiabo group is believed to have left to their present location after the Mbiabo exodus. Speaking at the ceremony, the head of Ekpe of Afap village, Seseku Daniel Laluh said with Prof Ayuk's commitment in the village, the Ekpe society thought it necessary to confer him the Seseku. The images, ideology, and secrecy associated with kp have been studied for more than one hundred years, and yet crucial features of the history of kp and its transformation have been neglected. [72] Iwewe is also regarded as a sacrificial meal often prepared for the Efik deities. The Internet has shone light on manysecret societies, rendering them not so secret. The group has managed to stay mostly hidden for over more than 100 years. Objects and images in the exhibition courtesy of Dr. Eli Bentor. Festival organised by Global Music Exchange (ht. The Efik acted as the middlemen between the European vessels and the inland slave traders. According to Parker, When there, Dick Ebro' asking him to go to war with him, he complied, and accordingly having sitted out and armed the canoes, they went up the river, lying under the bushes in the day when they came near a village; and at night flying up to the village, and taking hold of every one they could see. Only males can join, boys being initiated about the age of puberty. [19], The Ibibio origin of the Efik is one of the most popular among scholars. Welcome to brotherhood Illuminati where you can becomerich famous and popular and your life story we be changetotally my name is Dan Jerry I am here to share mytestimony on how I join the great brotherhood Illuminatiand my life story was change immediately . By the 18th and 19th centuries, the Efik strategy for filling the international demand for slaves was via obtaining slaves from inland slave traders such as Eniong, Ndokki and Arochukwu. This created a need for Ekpe DC to have a full Ayamba Nkanda (Nkanda Chief). Another account claimed that Efik people introduced the Ekpe between 1720 and 1729 during the initial migration of Calabar. The Efik language also borrows words from other ethnic groups such as Balondo, Oron, Efut, Okoyong, Efiat and Ekoi (Qua). One theory states that the Efik and Uruan had separate religious customs and the Efik refused to worship the Uruan deity Atakpor Uruan Inyang. The Efik Language and Its Future. LEFT Omabe Eze sewing an ukara, Ezillo, southeastern Nigeria. Cameroon's multilingual Cross River basin. Ekpe masquerade mimic the form of a lion or leopard moves. [67] Communities within the Calabar metropolis such as Efut, Kiong and Qua also speak and understand the Efik language. The society is still active at the beginning of the 21st century, now playing more of a ceremonial role. The Efik speak the Efik language which is a member of the BenueCongo subfamily of the Niger-Congo language group. Omissions? All willing to engage respectfully are welcome. [36] According to Aye, "Ikpa Ene could not carry the bulk of Iboku population, Ndodoghi had to accommodate what spilt over, and the two settlements, still under one rule, were separated by the left branch of the river which became their "inland sea". Due to the number of unfortunate incidents at Ikpa Ene and Ndodoghi, the Efik sought to leave these islands. Osirica brotherhood is the root of all the mason societies, dating back around 2300 B.C. The area from which the Sunjata Epic comes was historically: the geographical location of the great medieval African kingdoms - Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. This theory asserts that the Efik migrated from Palestine or somewhere close to Palestine. Ekpe society was the first tribe to come up with this design and archaeologists have found traces of this fabric even in southwestern Cameroon. Ekpe, also known as Mgbe/Egbo (Ekoi language: leopard; derived from the Ibibio term for the same), is a West African secret society in Nigeria and Cameroon flourishing chiefly among the Efiks. For the first time in history, Ekpe had a presentation at the highest institution of cultural anthropology in the world, the Smithsonian Museum. To cast light on African perspectives, and on the point of view of enslaved men and women, this group of top Africanist scholars has examined both conventional historical sources (e.g., European. The doomsday cult is a sinister transnational cult that has paved its way from the west and Asian world into some African countries including Uganda and South Africa.
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