[310] The magnet school with the largest enrollment is Lane Technical College Prep High School. In the Encyclopedia of Chicago, Northwestern University Professor Bill Savage describes Chicago fiction as prose which tries to "capture the essence of the city, its spaces and its people". [6] The large Hispanic population is rather recent, with the segregation between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites being low when compared to Blacks and non-Hispanic Whites. Ansari, Azadeh and Rosa Flores (January 2, 2017). [305], In September 2016, an Illinois state appellate court found that cities do not have an obligation under the Illinois Constitution to pay certain benefits if those benefits had included an expiration date under whichever negotiated agreement they were covered. Polish people have been prevalent from the city's early history, but the largest waves of immigration were in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; they have been influential in the economic and social development of Chicago. The Near West Side holds the University of Illinois at Chicago and was once home to Oprah Winfrey's Harpo Studios, the site of which has been rebuilt as the global headquarters of McDonald's. [citation needed], The Chicago Public Library system operates 3 regional libraries and 77 neighbourhood branches, including the central library. In a 2016 campus survey, students identified 19 different spiritual and nonreligious practices. Some Irish already lived in Chicago when it was incorporated as a city in 1837. It is home to a population of around 5.54 million individuals. The Bears have won more games in the history of the NFL than any other team,[257] and only the Green Bay Packers, their longtime rivals, have won more championships. views about homosexuality by metro area, Learn More: views about homosexuality, Should be accepted, Should be discouraged, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who same-sex marriage, Compare: [31], After the War of 1812, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. Because of this, ComEd reports indicate that Chicago receives about 75% of its electricity from nuclear power. [124] Presently, the four tallest buildings in the city are Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower, also a building with its own zip code), Trump International Hotel and Tower, the Aon Center (previously the Standard Oil Building), and the John Hancock Center. [83], By the 1960s, white residents in several neighborhoods left the city for the suburban areas in many American cities, a process known as white flight as Blacks continued to move beyond the Black Belt. [312] The district, with an enrollment exceeding 400,545 students (20132014 20th Day Enrollment), is the third-largest in the U.S.[313] On September 10, 2012, teachers for the Chicago Teachers Union went on strike for the first time since 1987 over pay, resources and other issues. ), Independent Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad. [24] The city is the seat of the Evangelical Covenant Church and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. 2.41. Kortmann, Bernd, Kate Burridge, Rajend Mesthrie, Edgar W. Schneider and Clive Upton (eds). The magazine discovered such poets as Gwendolyn Brooks, James Merrill, and John Ashbery. Many additional diagonal streets were recommended in the Plan of Chicago, but only the extension of Ogden Avenue was ever constructed. [101] The overall grade of the city's central, built-up areas is relatively consistent with the natural flatness of its overall natural geography, generally exhibiting only slight differentiation otherwise. In 2017, Chicago exchanges traded 4.7billion derivatives with a face value of over one quadrillion dollars. [112][113], Chicago's streets were laid out in a street grid that grew from the city's original townsite plot, which was bounded by Lake Michigan on the east, North Avenue on the north, Wood Street on the west, and 22nd Street on the south. [225] Upscale shopping along the Magnificent Mile and State Street, thousands of restaurants, as well as Chicago's eminent architecture, continue to draw tourists. The Chicago Bears, one of the last two remaining charter members of the National Football League (NFL), have won nine NFL Championships, including the 1985 Super BowlXX. [340] Each company was allowed to bring 250 electric scooters, although both Bird and Lime claimed that they experienced a higher demand for their scooters. [3] By ethnicity, 28.8% of the total population is Hispanic-Latino (of any race) and 71.2% is Non-Hispanic (of any race). If treated as a separate category, Hispanics are the largest minority group in Chicago, Illinois. Two tall glass sculptures make up the Crown Fountain. The vast majority of Chicago Hispanics are of Mexican descent. [21][22] Chicago's culture includes the visual arts, literature, film, theater, comedy (especially improvisational comedy), food, dance (including modern dance and jazz troupes and the Joffrey Ballet), and music (particularly jazz, blues, soul, hip-hop, gospel,[23] and electronic dance music, including house music). [144], Like other major cities, Chicago experiences an urban heat island, making the city and its suburbs milder than surrounding rural areas, especially at night and in winter. [174] In 2018, Chicago ranked seventh globally for the highest number of ultra-high-net-worth residents with roughly 3,300 residents worth more than $30million. B. [58] The desire to join the city was driven by municipal services that the city could provide its residents. [10] Chicago also hosts the headquarters of the largest Lutheran body in the United States, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. One-in-ten Seattleites are self-identified atheists (10%), while 6% are agnostics. The COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective, and are an important tool for ending the global pandemic. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. [320] His legacy continues with the multiple community colleges in the Chicago proper, including the seven City Colleges of Chicago: Richard J. Daley College, KennedyKing College, Malcolm X College, OliveHarvey College, Truman College, Harold Washington College and Wilbur Wright College, in addition to the privately held MacCormac College. The Kennedy and Dan Ryan Expressways are the busiest state maintained routes in the entire state of Illinois.[334]. Finally, two fountains near the Loop also function as monumental works of art: Plensa's Crown Fountain as well as Burnham and Bennett's Buckingham Fountain. [264], Chicago has also entered into esports with the creation of the Chicago Huntsmen, a professional Call of Duty team that participates within the CDL. [1] Within fifty years of the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, the population had tripled to over 3 million. attendance at prayer groups by metro area, Learn More: frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups, At least once a week, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who meditate, Compare: Although the meatpacking industry currently plays a lesser role in the city's economy, Chicago continues to be a major transportation and distribution center. It reports the number of congregations in every U.S. county and equivalents for participating faith groups. [337] As of July 2019, Divvy operated 5800 bicycles at 608 stations, covering almost all of the city, excluding Pullman, Rosedale, Beverly, Belmont Cragin and Edison Park. belief in heaven by metro area, Learn More: belief in Heaven, Believe, Don't believe, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who in hell, Compare: Chicago is one of the largest hubs of passenger rail service in the nation. The University of Illinois College of Medicine at UIC is the second largest medical school in the United States (2,600 students including those at campuses in Peoria, Rockford and UrbanaChampaign).[360]. At the Call of Duty League's Launch Week games in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the Chicago Huntsmen went on to beat both the Dallas Empire and Optic Gaming Los Angeles. [97], Chicago is located in northeastern Illinois on the southwestern shores of freshwater Lake Michigan. [235] Certain Chicago pizza favorites include Lou Malnati's and Giordano's. [12][13], Chicago is an international hub for finance, culture, commerce, industry, education, technology, telecommunications, and transportation. The name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the indigenous Miami-Illinois word shikaakwa for a wild relative of the onion; it is known to botanists as Allium tricoccum and known more commonly as "ramps". The city typically sees less snow and rain in winter than that experienced in the eastern Great Lakes region. Chicago is also home to a number of national radio shows, including Beyond the Beltway with Bruce DuMont on Sunday evenings. There is a substantial Cuban population in Chicago. Persons per household, 2017-2021. For more than two decades, Chicago has hosted ChicagoSummerDance, the largest annual outdoor dancing series in the U.S. Dont forget, every April is Chicago Dance Month across the city. Chicagos 250-plus theatre companies take the stage at more than 200 theatres to perform work as varied and diverse as their audiences. The city is the home to a large Romanian American community with more than 100,000.[13]. views about environmental protection by metro area, Learn More: views about environmental regulation, Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy, Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say humans, Compare: In 2015, roughly 4% of the population identified as LGBTQ+. [15] The region also has the largest number of federal highways and is the nation's railroad hub. 40,000 of them came as refugees during the 1990s and early 2000s.[18]. But all three will vote for a turkey. Of the total population in 1900, more than 77% were either foreign-born or born in the United States of foreign parentage. Lincoln was nominated in Chicago for US president at the 1860 Republican National Convention, which was held in a purpose-built auditorium called, the Wigwam. Civil and criminal law cases are heard in the Cook County Circuit Court of the State of Illinois court system, or in the Northern District of Illinois, in the federal system. [citation needed] Highly regarded universities in Chicago and the surrounding area are: the University of Chicago; Northwestern University; Illinois Institute of Technology; Loyola University Chicago; DePaul University; Columbia College Chicago and University of Illinois at Chicago. They play home games at the Wintrust Arena. Manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. By 1850 Irish immigrants accounted for about one-fifth of the city's population. sources of guidance on right and wrong by metro area, Learn More: sources of guidance on right and wrong, Religion, Philosophy/reason, Common sense, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say, Compare: While measurements vary somewhat,[102] the lowest points are along the lake shore at 578ft (176.2m), while the highest point, at 672ft (205m), is the morainal ridge of Blue Island in the city's far south side.[103]. In the 1800s, Chicago became the nation's railroad hub, and by 1910 over 20 railroads operated passenger service out of six different downtown terminals. Tourists are able to look straight down. [46] While elevating Chicago, and at first improving the city's health, the untreated sewage and industrial waste now flowed into the Chicago River, and subsequently into Lake Michigan, polluting the city's primary freshwater source. Roughly three-quarters of residents of three Southern cities Dallas (78%), Atlanta (76%) and Houston (73%) are Christians. Bosnian Muslims were early leaders in the establishment of Chicago's Muslim community. The unique sounds born in Chicago continue to resonate around the world. The independents finally gained control of city government in 1983 with the election of Harold Washington (in office 19831987). [181][177] A 2020 study estimated the total Jewish population of the Chicago metropolitan area, both religious and irreligious, at 319,600. Chicago (/ko/ (listen) shih-KAH-goh, locally also /ko/ shih-KAW-goh;[6] Miami-Illinois: Shikaakwa; Ojibwe: Zhigaagong) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and the third most populous in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles. [297][298], In 2012, Chicago ranked 21st in the United States in numbers of homicides per person, and in the first half of 2013 there was a significant drop per-person, in all categories of violent crime, including homicide (down 26%). [223], Chicago has a distinctive fine art tradition. 1935: Chicago native, Jay Berwanger was the first recipient of the Heisman Trophy. Clear 2 Table. [87] Major construction projects, including the Sears Tower (now known as the Willis Tower, which in 1974 became the world's tallest building), University of Illinois at Chicago, McCormick Place, and O'Hare International Airport, were undertaken during Richard J. Daley's tenure. Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2017-2021. The South Side hosts one of the city's largest parades, the annual African American Bud Billiken Parade and Picnic, which travels through Bronzeville to Washington Park. Computer and Internet Use. 81.8%. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. [281], Chicago's crime rate in 2020 was 3,926 per 100,000 people. Chicago has a large Irish American population, with many still residing on the South Side. [338], In May 2019, The City of Chicago announced its Chicago's Electric Shared Scooter Pilot Program, scheduled to run from June 15 to October 15. It produced the first American publication for homosexuals, Friendship and Freedom. There are 24 public beaches across 26 miles (42km) of the waterfront. As of the 2007 US Census American Community Survey the largest European ancestries were:[31]. It includes nineteen boulevards, eight parks, and six squares, along twenty-six miles of interconnected streets. This is one of the most important centers of Polonia. In 1990, Chicago's South Side and the adjoining south suburbs constituted the largest black majority region in the entire United States. The citizens of Chicago have not elected a Republican mayor since 1927, when William Thompson was voted into office. The main ethnic groups in Chicago include Irish, German, Italian, Mexican, Assyrian, Arab, Bangladeshi, Jews, English, Bosnian, Croatian, Bulgarian, Czech, Greek, Black, Korean, Chinese, Indian, Filipino, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Albanian, Pakistani, Polish, Hungarian, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Swedish, Ukrainian, Dutch, Belgian, Cuban, Vietnamese, and Puerto Rican.
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